Biologists, zoologists and scientists, writers Test ALSOOOO!?
I'm looking for a professional zoologist and ethologist biologist to help me write my essay? My test must be able to cover the following subjects: evidence for evolution of selection animals to minor bits and pieces of sexual Taxonomy Habitat Ecology Ethology and Innate Behavior Light Niches learned behavior fixed images Action Patterns of nature and nurture classical conditioning instrumental conditioning addiction Insight Learning social behavior of animals symbiotic relationships agonistic social structures (such as predator-prey, competition, territoriality, attack and defense, etc.), I would appreciate any input that I receive and would appreciate full and detailed explanations. just like many, many entries and short summaries of each topic. ten points to best answers and I'll post this same thing in other categories themore therfore, the answers ten more points!
You are here neck of the woods ill for a question like that. There is a biology, zoology, etc. for this section. You have a better chance to get a better response. I would also shorten your list. Most answering machines will be on this list and alphabet soup screaming "too words' and move to the next question. Be more direct is what I say.
This remarkable book introduces us to four unforgettable Apache people, each of whom offers a different take on the significance of places in their culture. Apache conceptions of wisdom, manners and morals, and of their own history are inextricably intertwined with place, and by allowing us to overhear his conversations with Apaches on these subjects Basso expands our awareness of what place can m…
Hordes of bloodthirsty wolves are slaughtering the arctic caribou, and the government’s Wildlife Service assigns naturalist Farely Mowat to investigate. Mowat is dropped alone onto the frozen tundra, where he begins his mission to live among the howling wolf packs and study their waves. Contact with his quarry comes quickly, and Mowat discovers not a den of marauding killers but a courageous famil…
A century ago, malaria was killing Washingtonians, Londoners, Parisians. Today HIV, along with various cancers, has taken its place among worldwide epidemics. Quinine, extracted from the cinchona tree of the Amazonian rainforest, quelled malaria; alkaloids taken from trees in the West African rainforest may well yield a cure for AIDS. Yet those woods, Mark Plotkin tells us, are fast disappea…
For years, Derrick Jensen has asked his audiences, “Do you think this culture will undergo a voluntary transformation to a sane and sustainable way of life?” No one ever says yes.Deep Green Resistance starts where the environmental movement leaves off: industrial civilization is incompatible with life. Technology can’t fix it, and shoppingâno matter how greenâwonât stop it. To save …
The Struggle for Nature outlines and examines the main aspects of current environmental philosophy including deep ecology, social and political ecology, eco-feminism and eco-anarchism. It criticises the dependency on science of these philosophies and the social problems engendered by them. The author argues for a post-naturalistic turn in environmental philosophy. The Struggle for Nature presents …
Assessing the use of low-input Agriculture Technologies (liat) in Malawi: Adoption and Challenges for the subsistence farmer in Malawi
Introduction There is a growing concern about agricultural activities that lead to environmental degradation and health risks related to food produced intensively. Following interest in organic agriculture is increasing. This growing interest in the sustainable management of natural resources and biological and healthy eating, combined with the increasing number of resource-poor farmers who can not afford agrochemicals, has led the potential of organic agriculture to address the issue of sustainable food production and livelihoods resource-poor people in sub-Saharan Africa. low agricultural implement systems that rely less on external inputs purchased and more on internal resources. However, low agricultural technolgy inout (LIAT) has forwarded a negative impression in various agriculture circles and this is cited as a major obstacle to wider adoption of advanced low-input agriculture (LIAT) and Malawi in Sub-Saharan whole.
Increasingly, it has been recognized that environmental degradation in Africa is a central factor behind farm. The disappearance of forest areas accelerates land degradation. Even on sloping farmland, loss of arable land have been reported in a range from 25 tons to 250 tons per hectare in the region. One study estimated that soil degradation and erosion in Africa reduced productivity of land of about 1 percent per year (Daberkow and Reichederfer, 1988). According to figures from the Bank (1982), some 2.9 million hectares of forest were lost each year in sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s, mainly due to clearing by farmers and loggers. The ground reference and Information Centre (2007) estimates in the Netherlands than 321 million hectares of African land are moderately to extremely degraded. Since 1950, the amount of water available per person in Africa has fallen by more than half, and may collapse after half its current level over the next 25 years. While African governments have become increasingly aware of the relationship between environment and productivity agriculture, much of the impetus for concrete and more integrated action has come from the grassroots. Faced with deteriorating environmental conditions, villagers across the continent, often with the support of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have taken the initiative to establish woodlots, Hills Terrace, conserve water sources and threatened to adopt more environmentally sustainable agriculture. Malawi Profile Malawi a landlocked country of about 117,068 km2 with a population of about 12 million people. It is located in South Africa, where the Great Rift Valley runs through the country from north to south. In this deep trough lies Lake Malawi, the third largest lake in Africa, comprising approximately 20% of the land area of Malawi. River Shire flows south end of the lake and joins the Zambezi River 400 km farther south in Mozambique. East and west of the Rift Valley, the land forms high plateaus, generally between 900 and 1,200 meters.
Malawi is a densely populated country with an economy heavily dependent on agriculture. The country has little exploitable mineral resources. His two most important export crops are tobacco and tea. Traditionally Malawi has been self-sufficient in its basic food, maize, and during the 1980s exported substantial quantities to its drought-stricken neighbors. Agriculture 38.6% of GDP, accounts for more than 80% of the workforce, and represents approximately 80% of total exports. Nearly 90% of the population engages in subsistence agriculture. Smallholder farmers produce a variety of crops, including maize, beans, rice, cassava, tobacco, and groundnuts (peanuts). The agricultural sector contributes about 63.7% of the total income of the rural population, 65% of raw materials in manufacturing, and about 87% of total employment. Financial wealth is generally concentrated in the hands of a small elite. Many farmers Living in Malawi have unconsciously practiced since time immemorial LIAT until the advent of advanced technology and conventional systems agriculture to produce more to feed the growing population. Classic operating system has exceeded by traditional agriculture and low input. However, the LIAT system of agriculture does not receive much attention for various reasons. It is therefore necessary to review the system and identify needs and gaps that impede adoption of LIAT system of agriculture. The main objective of the research was identify challenges to the adoption of organic agriculture that exist in the development of LIAT in Malawi and to recommend the formulation of policies that will improve sustainability in agriculture.
Definitions Organic farming There are various definitions organic farming but the basic principles of this type of farming apply to all. The principles of organic agriculture as is expressed in the Standards Document of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) are as follows: • To produce food of high nutritional quality in sufficient quantity • To work with natural systems rather seek to dominate • To encourage and enhance biological cycles within the operating system, involving micro-organisms of the soil flora and fauna, Plants and animals • To maintain and increase long-term soil fertility • To use as many resources as possible Renewable locally organized agricultural systems • To avoid all forms of pollution that may result from agricultural activities • To maintain genetic diversity of agricultural system and its surroundings • To allow agriculture producers an adequate return and satisfaction of their work, including a safe working environment
These principles form the basis of agricultural practices on a daily basis. They directly give rise to organic farming techniques like composting, use of rotations, avoiding soluble fertilizers, the prohibition of livestock intensive prevention of antibiotics and hormone stimulants, the use of mechanical methods of weed control, etc.
Agriculture Biological has also been defined as "a farming system which avoids or largely excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers composed pesticides, growth regulators and livestock feed additives. "To the extent possible, organic farming systems rely on crop rotation, crop residues, animal manure, legumes, green manures, off farm organic wastes, and aspects biological control to maintain soil productivity and tilth to supply plant nutrients and control insects, bad herbs and other pests.
The definitions and principles of organic farming underlie the concept of low-input agriculture, which is emphasis on input use internal and not external inputs. internal contributions are generally much cheaper and affordable compared external contributions.
Low-technology Agriculture Selling (LIAT) This is a production activity that uses fertilizers or synthetic pesticides below levels generally recommended. This does not mean the elimination of these materials or inputs. Yields are maintained through a greater emphasis on cultural practices, integrated pest management (IPM), and the use of farm resources and management. LIAT also been called "low-input and sustainable agriculture, LISA)" by other schools of agriculture. The term in Both apply to those systems that rely less on the outside, purchased inputs and more on internal resources, while supporting resources Natural.
Sustainable Agriculture Sustainable agriculture is an important component of the overall effort to make human activities compatible with the requirements of the eco-system of the earth. Thus, understanding the different approaches to ecological agriculture is necessary if we want to use the planet's resources wisely. While sustainable agriculture is based on long-term goals and not a set specific agricultural practices, it is usually accompanied by a reduction of purchased inputs for the management of farm resources. A good example is the use of biologically fixed nitrogen from legumes as nitrogen fertilizer in relation constructed. low-input agriculture is one of many farming systems whose methods are adaptable to sustainable agriculture. Methodology Research on organic farming and LIAT was done through interviews with key informants from the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security and those who practice organic farming as a strategy of LIAT. Four visits to fifteen different key informants were made. Farmers (key informants) were purposively selected on the merit of known cases of LIA and organic farming in Malawi. A questionnaire was administered at each visit to ask for information relating to research questions "What are the challenges of the adoption of organic farming encountered by farmers in Malawi? "And" that LIAT is currently practiced in Malawi? Internet search "has also been used to more information about organic farming and LIAT in sub-Saharan Africa and Malawi. The search terms used were agricultute low input, organic farming, Malawi, sub-Saharan Africa, subsistence farming.
Results Views Malawi Organic Growers Association (ALPA) Africa is the only continent where food production has not kept pace with population growth. In Malawi, where there is a shortage of staple food, maize, hunger and malnutrition in infant mortality high. Here, some farmers are experimenting with systems Organic farming – which does not rely on chemicals by man – and their techniques are followed by groups of farmers from other countries. The methods used involve a combination of irrigation, companion planting, composting and soil conservation. Currently, there are 2400 small Farmers in the fourteen clubs farmers practice organic farming in Malawi. They are closely monitored by the Organic Growers Association of Malawi (ALPA), which aims to promote organic farming at national level so that it contributes to the reduction of poverty, security food and natural resources management through training of its members. The objective of MOGA will be achieved through the following activities; • Promote and protect the interests of organic producers • Select suitable crops and coordination and monitoring of production among members • Setting rules for standardization and certification of organic products that are accepted nationally and internationally • Assist member farmers to increase their level of production, crop diversification and food security • Establish contacts for marketing at the national, regional and international • Inform and educate members in the post-harvest processing to add value to products MOGA has also established a demonstration center and training for organic farming in Dzalanyama, Lilongwe. It is also promotion of a project (permaculture) to protect farmers ecosysytems used for felling trees for shifting cultivation. Permaculture is widely promoted to one of the farmers who practice organic farming. His farm is called "Freedom Gardens" and it acts as a demonstration garden for other potential farmers who will learn permaculture and other strategies of organic farming
Interview with agriculture experts (key informants) ALPA experts gave their opinions on the ERC and organic farming. The discussion with the researcher (RS) and Agriculture Expert (AE) was as follows; RS. What are the benefits of making organic farming? AE: It is difficult to generalize, because examples of successful organic farming systems located in many different conditions. A major advantage of course is that it stops environmental degradation. biological techniques are used to regenerate degraded areas. A second advantage is that, because of diversification, it offers farmers a much more secure income than when based on one or two outputs. The consumption of by-products improves the health of farm families. Thirdly, farmers maintain nutrient balances in the soil through locally available organic materials or agricultural waste recycled. The nutritional status of the soil is better preserved in areas where access to synthetic inputs is limited or if they are too expensive. Finally, health risks posed by pesticides and fall herbicides are significantly reduced with organic farming. RS: Exactly what is the low external input agriculture; what are its principles? AE: agriculture in low-input external shall minimize the use of external inputs such as pesticides, herbicides and synthetic fertilizers and replaces them with internal inputs. The basic principle is that agriculture is regarded as both agro-ecosystem management. The farmer is managing a farm with coherent diversity. The important concepts are diversification crops and animals, crop rotation, and the cycles of organic matter. Agriculture in low-input does not prohibit external inputs synthesis. It's just that when the principles are applied, the need for synthetics disappears. Mixed cropping, green manuring, composting, the use of local organic matter, reduced tillage and biodynamic preparations are also included. These things are a little more sense. The development of these skills with the farmer is the biggest problem. RS: How organic agriculture is accepted today? AE: Organic farming is not entirely new. Many so-called traditional systems have worked for a long period without external inputs and chemicals – and are still active. The best evidence that organic farming can work is that worked for a long period. This does not mean it can not be improved. It certainly has to be. But to improve it, it is not necessary to use external inputs. There are other ways. Here I feel FAO is weak. The Organization estimated that agriculture improved means to chemicals. It is a unilateral vision. In some cases, this approach is viable, but in others it not. And I think we have a role to play in the development of traditional systems that are still low external input without chemicals. The ways to do this involves the concept of balance of nutrients, including organic matter. Today, science has much more information on what happens with the land resources, and with these data many traditional systems can be improved without chemicals. RS: Most districts in Malawi have very high population densities, how can low-external input farming in places like these? AE: The fact is that very often systems are degraded because the external inputs are not used properly. In farming, the need for external inputs is reduced through nutrient cycling and an input such as labor. When other external inputs are necessary, they are organics. You can make organic production intensive systems with yields above average, which employ more people, use of energy renewable biological resources. Certainly, we must balance the pressures of population in a certain extent. If you have degraded soils, you need to build soil fertility, and when fertility is there, we try to keep it. The current problem is that people have tried since too long to use the land as something to extract from the, without trying to recycle things in it. The intensification of agricultural system does not automatically put in more chemicals. There are different ways – intercropping, green manuring, recycling of manure, crops and planting at different times, so as to maximize the potential of a parcel of land. You can use the cropping systems so that you have a great diversity of crop species that complement each other. You can plant crop combinations that are less susceptible to pest attacks, so you do not continue to rely on pesticides used by monocultures. RS. Can you give an overview of organic farming Malawi? AE. Compared to the population of Malawi (about 12 million people), those who practice organic farming in Malawi are few although there is untapped demand for organic products both within and outside Malawi. The question is therefore how to enter this market by encouraging farmers to grow organic products and to forge links between farmers and the market potential. Because marketing is the main obstacle to the adoption organic farming. There are no standards for organic agriculture in the countries that control the production of organic products and there are lack of awareness by farmers of the potential benefits of organic farming. RS. What are the low-input technologies that are currently used Malawi? AE. Many subsistence farmers in practice, Malawi LIA even unconsciously. Due to inaccessibility of the Foreign Agricultural inputs farmers have always produced crops using farm inputs. Some of these strategies are currently used by subsistence farmers are; Irrigation There are many different irrigation systems available to meet specific conditions. The commonly used Malawi is one traditionally used in many parts of the world – the irrigation water is provided in the fields along the canals at the top edge of the earth, then along the small channels between the rows of plants. The water then seeps into the soil around plants. Companion Planting One technique used by the farmers interviewed to help fight against pests is to plant together different types of culture that help each other to survive and grow successfully. One of the reasons "companion plants" help each other because we can prevent pests its neighbor. For example, many pests avoid garlic, it can be used very effectively for companion planting with many cultures. In some cases, it is possible to use a plant that is more attractive to pests of the crop itself. This idea is used in some regions of Africa where farmers have found that milkweed planted among vegetables reduces the number of aphids on crops – all simply because aphids prefer milkweed vegetables. Similarly companion planting, plants can be used to attract predators that eat pests. Bushes and trees left around crop fields to provide coverage of many insects and birds. There are many plants whose flowers attract predators and encourage them to lay more eggs and thus increase the number of insects that attack pests. Composting If the soil is to continue to provide necessary food crops, it must be maintained in good condition and its components replaced natural nutrients. Artificial fertizers chemicals can not do it because they provide short-term needs of the plant but do not feed the soil itself – The supply of the next crop of more expensive chemicals becomes necessary. By returning organic waste and manure to soil and feed the plants, the farmer can also improve soil structure so that it retains water more efficiently. One very effective way to use vegetable waste in this way is by making compost. It consists of plant and animal residues that have been decomposed bacteria. As this is a natural process, compost is very easy and inexpensive to make and is one of effective and sustainable improvement soil and crop quality. If the process is well managed, the heat produced in the decay of materials will often be enough to kill weed seeds herbs and plant diseases. Freedom Gardens uses the composting system of trenches, but there are many different ways to make compost have all been designed to suit various waste and climates in which they are used. It is essential in all methods, however, have a mixture of different types of material – young, living material and older, dead matter – so the final product has a good balance natural carbon and nitrogen that plants growing will need. Soil conservation To conserve soil and prevent its loss by erosion by wind or rain, it helps to grow plants that bind together. Bananas and vetiver are used in gardens for farmers. Both elements have the added benefit of providing either a food crop (banana) or agricultural useful as mulch or feed (vetiver). Vetiver has been used successfully in over 50 countries soil conservation and water. Once established, a vetiver hedge will retain surface water and trap any soil that is already underway in the water. Other methods of retaining soil include building terraces on steep slopes or using the soft contours of the land to make a dish of rainwater which remains until it has dipped naturally in the soil instead of running quickly on the slope, carrying away the soil surface. Intercropping Because of the pressure land to farmers to maximize production by planting two or more crops in one area. This has the added benefit of reducing pest attack by apparency reduced crops in a mixed stand. Intercropping legumes is also beneficial to soil enrichment nitrogen by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules of leguminous crops. Agroforestry This technology has great potential for improve soil fertility, the domestication of fruit trees, sustainable systems of tree seed and fodder for livestock. Various species of leguminous trees are used in agroforestry in Malawi. An example is Gliricidia sepium is a preferred tree species used in this technology. Its leaves are rich in nitrogen (N), sometimes up to 4% of leaf biomass. A second quality is that the leaves provide organic matter, which will help to improve soil fertility and structure. Searching Makoka and application of technology in farms Nearby showed that intercropping with Gliricidia to rejuvenate the soil and improve soil fertility without the use of fertilizers. Results indicate a significant increase in the yield of maize using the simultaneous intercropping with Gliricidia. The farmer can get yields up to 3-4 tons.
Permaculture Permaculture is about designing ecological human habitats and systems food production. It is a land use and community development movement aimed at the harmonious integration of habitat humans, climate, annual and perennial plants, animals, soils and water into stable and productive communities. A central theme in permaculture is the design of ecological landscapes that produce food. The emphasis is on plants with multiple cultural practices such as sheet mulching and tying, and the integration of animals to recycle nutrients and graze weeds. Permaculture can be applied to create productive ecosystems in terms of human use or to help recover the health of ecosystems degraded and savagery. Permaculture can be applied in all ecosystems, whatever it may be degraded. Permaculture demonstration sites in Malawi have goals short term which are intended to demonstrate to local subsistence farmers the achievements of organic farming. Some activities that are food production and generate income; • Vegetable for: money, food ponds chicken manure compost, fish • Poultry farming for money, food, manure for vegetables, manure for fish ponds; • Fish farming for money, food, pond fish manure for growing vegetables; • woodlands for: money, wood, fuel; • Cattle breeding for food, money (to fatten and sell), manure for vegetables and fish ponds; • Crops (spacer), an edge with maize, beans and potato plants that are accompanying. This method is used for a number of reasons: o It increases the fertility of long duration; o There is a cheaper way of agriculture; o It prevents the soil and chemical contamination of water.
Mulching The infiltration of water depends on sufficient porosity ON being in the soil surface to rainfall infiltration, and in the basement and the original materials (if superficial) of rainwater infiltration. The dominant approach should be to inculcate in society, and farmers, extension workers and researchers in particular, will create and maintain soil conditions that promote infiltration of rain where it falls, and to fight against the causes of runoff. This implies that the porosity of the soil must be at least maintained or increased. Discussion low-input agriculture has emerged as an issue as important as its popularity is motivated and supported by more evidence of environmental and health hazards of agrochemicals. Falling commodity prices and value of consolidation took place in 1981-1987 the firm has renewed interest in developing technologies to reduce costs. Sub-Saharan production agriculture is currently being challenged by many constraints faced by farmers in Africa. While some areas offer high productivity and have been cultivated intensively, others are plagued by low soil fertility, poor access to resources like water, infrastructure and markets. Organic agriculture offers a potential for small farmers to improve their livelihoods in both by increased efficiency and access to markets. However, it is not as easy to engage in organic farming and new levels of organization and investment are required from government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and households.
In Malawi, over 90% of the population is engaged in the agricultural production, which contributes 38.6% of gross domestic product, 80% of export earnings and employs 80% of the workforce (A guide for agricultural production and Natural Resource Management, 2005). According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, the main sub-sectors include agriculture crops contributes about 80%, livestock contributes 13% and fishing contributes about 6%. Over 95% of farmers are smallholders with holdings ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 hectares. The majority of these small farmers have rich indigenous knowledge which has sustained their livelihoods for food security, and productivity land for hundreds of years with little or no use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides and veterinary drugs. However they have limited capital.
Malawi is among the lowest users of fertilizers and other agrochemicals in Africa, with less than 14% or 1 kg of fertilizer per hectare, against the average sub-Saharan 9kg/ha. Malawi has a comparative advantage in the production of high farming in Africa.
Evolution organic agriculture sub-sector have been driven by market developments and international trade. The global market for organic products is now estimated at over 30 billion dollars. The average growth in global demand and the market for organic products is currently estimated at 25% per year (Grolink 2004). The growing consumer interest triggered a rapid growth in international trade of organic products. Environment business is witnessing changes due to;
• Increased consumer concerns for health and safety. • Increase consciousness of consumers in environmental and social issues production and marketing.
The demand for organic products in Malawi in the international markets is increasing, is unfortunately not yet walk in the bid. This is demonstrated by the number of commercial contracts being received by Moga and government.
Challenges The agricultural sector in general faces some challenges broadly characterized as the lack capital, low production and productivity, poor marketing system, and human resource constraints based on the weather unpredictable. The African farmer is further reduced by the increased migration to urban areas and HIV and AIDS. However, challenges specific to the Organic Law of the sub-sector are as follows: – • Low investment in the production of organic agriculture leading to failure in the performance of existing outlets or orders • Limited research in organic agriculture. • limited extension services Delivery in organic farming. • The high cost of international inspection and certification. • Lack of Fame International local organic certification body. • Lack of documentation on organic farming. • Supply exceeds demand • Lack of organization groups of small farmers to always increase the volume to meet orders from the market. • Lack of a clear policy on organic farming.
Conclusion
Several factors have combined in recent years highlight the need for a fundamental review of agricultural activities. The traditional goal of maximizing production is offset by large concern for the environment, and the realization that our limited natural resources must be carefully managed. Organic farming can make a positive contribution to make because it depends on maintaining the ecological balance and the development of biological processes at their maximum. The preservation of soil structure, earthworms, microorganisms and insects is essential for the functioning of an organic system. Therefore, soil protection and the environment is fundamental to the organic farmer.
References A guide to agricultural production and Natural Resource Management. 2005. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Altieri, M. 1987. Agro-ecology scientific basis for alternative agriculture. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
Balfour, E. 1975. The Living Soil and the Haughley experiment. Universe Books, New York.
Daberkow, SG and KH Reichelderfer. 1988. Low-input agriculture: trends, objectives and prospects of use of inputs. American Journal of Economics Agriculture. 70 (5). Pp 1159-1166. Grolink. 2004
Howard A. 1948. A Testament Agriculture. Oxford University Press, London.
Knorr, D. 1982. Sustainable food systems. AVI Publishing, Westport. Connecticut
Lampkin, N. 1990. Organic farming. Agriculture Press, United Kingdom.
Lindenbach Gibson, R and Gray, R. Gap Analysis Low-Input Agriculture. Center for the Study of Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan.
Promotion of organic products http://www.sourcewatch.org/index Africa. 2006.
The ground reference and Information Centre. 2007. Netherlands
World Bank. 1982. Ninth annual review of the draft audit. World Bank Group.
About the Author
The author is a researcher/lecturer in agriculture sciences in the University of Malawi. A keen naturalist and advocate of environmental protection.
For years, Derrick Jensen has asked his audiences, “Do you think this culture will undergo a voluntary transformation to a sane and sustainable way of life?” No one ever says yes.Deep Green Resistance starts where the environmental movement leaves off: industrial civilization is incompatible with life. Technology can’t fix it, and shoppingâno matter how greenâwonât stop it. To save …
Every day, in newspapers and on television, we read and hear about the ongoing destruction of the environment: the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, deforestation, and air and water pollution. Deep Ecology offers a solution to the environmental crisis through a radical shift in human consciousnessâa fundamental change in the way people relate with the environment. Instead of thinking …
Deep Ecology explores the philosophical, psychological, and sociological roots of today’s environmental movement, examines the human-centered assumptions behind most approaches to nature, explores the possibilities of an expanded human consciousness, and offers specific direct action suggestions for individuals to practice. Widely read in it first printing, Deep Ecology has established itself as o…
With DigiFish Seahorse, you will be able to witness the marvel of nature with ease without having to acquire sophisticated life-sustaining devices or costly aquarium equipment and without hurting any natural lives….
This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.Description: The diving behaviour of four leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) was recorded for periods of 0.5-8…
END:CIV examines our culture’s addiction to systematic violence and environmental exploitation, and probes the resulting epidemic of poisoned landscapes and shell-shocked nations. Based in part on Endgame, the best-selling book by Derrick Jensen, END:CIV asks: “If your homeland was invaded by aliens who cut down the forests, poisoned the water and air, and contaminated the food supply, would you r…
Showcasing the Salish and Pend dâOreille tribes of the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana, this award-winning two-DVD set explains the traditional and contemporary uses of fire by American Indians and teaches both respect for fire and awareness of its significance. The first DVD is a companion to the beautifully illustrated book Beaver Steals Fire (Nebraska 2005), and winner of the Americ…
This remarkable book introduces us to four unforgettable Apache people, each of whom offers a different take on the significance of places in their culture. Apache conceptions of wisdom, manners and morals, and of their own history are inextricably intertwined with place, and by allowing us to overhear his conversations with Apaches on these subjects Basso expands our awareness of what place can m…
It’s time to stop just worrying about climate change, says Paul Gilding. We need instead to brace for impact because global crisis is no longer avoidable. This Great Disruption started in 2008, with spiking food and oil prices and dramatic ecological changes, such as the melting ice caps. It is not simply about fossil fuels and carbon footprints. We have come to the end of Economic Growth, Version…
The Geography of Nowhere traces America’s evolution from a nation of Main Streets and coherent communities to a land where every place is like no place in particular, where the cities are dead zones and the countryside is a wasteland of cartoon architecture and parking lots. In elegant and often hilarious prose, Kunstler depicts our nation’s evolution from the Pilgrim settlements to the modern au…
